ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF ATTITUDES AND LEADERSHIP TRANSFORMATION ON LOYALTI AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH WORK MOTIVATION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE AT RSUP DR. SITANALA IN THE TIME OF A PANDEMIC

Channesya Meilinsye Sampetoding; Rian Adi Pamungkas; Rokiah Kusumapradja

Authors

Channesya Meilinsye Sampetoding Universitas Esa Unggul
Rian Adi Pamungkas Universitas Esa Unggul
Rokiah Kusumapradja Universitas Esa Unggul

Abstract

Transformational leadership is characterized as a leader who focuses on achieving changes in the values, beliefs, attitudes, behavior, emotions, and needs of subordinates towards better changes in the future. This transformational leadership creates a positive attitude of employees and increases the motivation of employees. The existence of positive work motivation can improve employee performance which in turn affects employee loyalty. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of attitude and transformational leadership on employee loyalty and performance with work motivation as an intervening variable at RSUP dr. Sitanala in the Time of a Pandemic. This research is an explanatory research with a quantitative approach in the form of using causality hypotheses with a sample of 136. In this study, it was found that transformational attitudes and leadership have a positive effect on performance and loyalty through work motivation. Based on the analysis, the conclusions that can be put forward in this study are as follows: attitude and transformational leadership have a significant positive effect on employee loyalty and performance through work motivation. The implications of this research theoretically will prove the influence of research variables and managerially will further improve the leadership style and attitudes of employees in the hospital.

References

Alwi, Mohd Nur Ruzainy, Shahrul Nizam Salahuddin, Siti Sarah Baharuddin, & Hasbullah bin Shafee. 2018. “Gen Y: Employee Rewards, Motivation And Workplace Loyalty”. The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 2.

Ardhani, Jayanti dan Ratnasari, Sri Langgeng. 2019. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai PT. PLN Batam”. Dimensi, Vol. 8, No. 2.

Ardiansyah, Imam, Endah Fitriyani & Fahry Ahmad. 2021. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pramugraha Di Harris Hotel & Conventions Kelapa Gading”. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, Vol.1, No.11.

Balushi, Karima Al dan Aulia, Syed. 2019. “A Study on Motivation and its Relationship with Employee Loyalty and Commitment: A Case study of Nama Group-Sultanate of Oman”. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR), Vol. 7, No. 4.

Bass, Bernard. 2017. From Transactional to Transformasional Leadership: Learning to Share the Vision. Winter: Organizational Dynamics.

Bastari, Ary, Anis Eliyanab dan Tri Wahyu Wijayanti. 2020. “Effects of transformational leadership styles on job performance with job motivation as mediation: A study in a state-owned enterprise”. Management Science Letters, Vol. 10.

Burns, J.M . 2018. Leadership. New York: Harper & Row.

Citra, Lola Melino dan Muhammad Fahmi. 2019. “Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Kepuasan Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan”. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, Vol.2, No.2.

Elvandari, Adela Gusti, Novendawati Wahyu Sitasari dan Safitri M. 2018. “Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Karyawan Pada PT. Bank ABC”, Jurnal Psikologi, Vol. 2, No. 2.

Erri, Dirgahayu dan Fajrin, Ashri Nur. 2018. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT Media Intan Semesta Jakarta”. Perspektif, Vol. XVI, No. 1.

Falah, Alisha Maisan dan Ayuningtias, Hani Gita. 2020. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. XYZ”. Jurnal Mitra Manajemen (JMM), Vol. 4, No. 6.

Gibson, James L., John M. Ivancevich & James H. Donnelly. 2018. Organisasi dan Manajemen: Perilaku, Struktur dan Proses. (terj. Djoerban Wahid). Jakarta: Erlangga.

Han, Chang soo, Yen Yoo You, Jung-wan Hong and Kyung Jun Yun. 2018. “A Study on the Effect of Job Satisfaction on Employee Loyalty-Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Personnel Evaluation Fairness”. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol.118, No.19.

Hang, Nguyen Phan Thu. 2021. “Determinants of Employees Job Satisfaction Affecting Loyalty: A Case Study of Small And Medium Enterprises In Vietnam”. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, Vol.20, No.2.

Hirschman, A. O. 2020. Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Response to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Hussain, Rai Imtiaz, Sabookh Usman, Saleh Muhammad Sarmad & Ihsan Ul Haq. 2019. “Effect of Work Motivation on Job Satisfaction In Telecommunication Sector of Pakistan - A Case Study of Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL)”. International Journal of Asian Social Science, Vol.2, No.11.

Islamiati, Citra, Endri Sentosa, dan Maya Syafriana Effendi. 2021. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Stress Kerja Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Puma Cat Indonesia”. Jurnal IKRA-ITH Ekonomika Vol 4, No 2.

Karim, Ahmad Dzulfikri. 2020. “Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja, Motivasi Kerja Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Loyalitas Pegawai PT Kreasi Kuliner Kondang Di Yogyakarta”. Jurnal Ekobis Dewantara, Vol. 3 No. 3.

Khuong, Mai Ngoc & Bui Diem Tien. 2019. “Factors Influencing Employee Loyalty Directly and Indirectly Through Job Satisfaction - A Study of Banking Sector in Ho Chi Minh City”. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review, Vol.1, No.4.

Khuong, Mai Ngoc, Tran Phuong Mai dan Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong. 2020. “The Impacts Of Human Resource Management Practices On Employees’ Motivation And Loyalty”. Management Science Letters, Vol. 10.

Khuonga, Mai Ngoc & Ung Doan Thuy Linh. 2020. “Influence of Work-Related Stress on Employee Motivation, Job Satisfaction and Employee Loyalty in Hospitality Industry”. Management Science Letters 10, School of Business, International University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Kuswati, Yeti. 2020. “The Effect of Motivation on Employee Performance”. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), Vol. 3, No 2.

Lohela-Karlsson, Malin, Irene Jensen dan Christina Björklund. 2022. “Do Attitudes towardsWork orWork Motivation Affect Productivity Loss among Academic Employees?”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 19.

Lusri, Lidia dan Siagian, Hotlan. 2017. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada Karyawan PT. Borwita Citra Prima Surabaya”. Agora, Vol. 5, No. 1.

Luthans, Fred. 2017. Perilaku Organisasi. Yogyakarta: CV Ardi Ofsett.

Mahalawat, Vikas & Bharti Sharma. 2019. “Study of Factors Affecting Employee Satisfaction and Their Impact on The Organization”. Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology, Vol.XI, No.XII.

Mahpudin, Endang dan Purnamasari, Pupung. 2018. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Bank Central Asia, Tbk Cabang Karawang”. Jurnal Edunomic, Vol. 6, No. 2.

Mahyudi, Diky. 2017. “Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dan Loyalitas Bagian Kantor Pada PT. Ramajaya Pramukti Kabupaten Kampar”. JOM Fekon, Vol 4, No. 1.

Matar, Mohammed, Aldhaheri, dan Mohammed Nussari. 2019. “Impact of Transformational Leadership (Idealized Influence, Inspirational Motivation, Intellectual Stimulation, Individualized Consideration) on Employee Performance”. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), Vol. 8, No. 2.

McClelland. 2018. Human Motivation, Revisied Edition. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Mele, D. 2018. Management Ethics: Placing Ethics at the Core of Good Management. New York: Palgrave Macmillian.

Mohamud, Said Abdi, Abdiaziz Ahmed Ibrahim dan Jamal Mohamud Hussein. 2017. “The Effect Of Motivation On Employee Performance: Case Study In Hormuud Company In Mogadishu Somalia”. International Journal of Development Research, Vol.07, No.11.

Mone, Herina D.N Riwu dan Nuryadin, Rusmin. 2021. “Pengaruh Kompensasi Dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Karyawan CV.Heartwarmer Accssesories & Gifts”. Prosiding Seminar Sosial Politik, Bisnis, Akuntansi dan Teknik (SoBAT), Vol. 3.

Musa, Yusuf, Sani Danjuma, Fadele Ayotunde Alaba, Rajab Ritonga, Abulwafa Muhammad, Ludfi Djajanto dan Tutut Herawan. 2018. “An Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employees’ Performance: A Case Study in Nigeria”. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, Vol.67, No.2.

Natalia, Desi. 2021. “Kepemimpinan Transformasional dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Intrinsic dan Kinerja Pegawai; Analisis Mediasi Model”. Jurnal Manajemen Sains dan Organisasi, Vol.2, No.2.

Noer, Rida Nadia, Ike Rachmawati dan Yana Fajar Basori. 2020. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Billing Manajemen Di PT. Haleyora Power ULP Sukabumi Kota”. Dinamika: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Administrasi Negara, Vol.7, No. 2.

Nuriyah, Siti dan Azizah, Nurul. 2021. “Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Motivasi Kerja Dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan”. Jurnal Analitika Bisnis, Ekonomi, Sosial dan Politik, Vol. 1, No. 1.

Ogilo, Onyiyechi Blessing, Awajiteleyem Mary Elenwo & Omobola Busola Ojofeitimi. 2020. “Understanding the Impact of Employees Attitude on Organizational Performance. A Study of Selected Service Firms in Rivers State”. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), Vol. IV, No. VII.

Orinda, Grace, Joel Chepkwony & Patrick Limo. 2020. “Organizational Learning, Employee Satisfaction and Employee Loyalty in The Banking Sector, Nairobi County, Republic of Kenya”. Journal of Business Management and Economic Research, Vol.4, No.6.

Pandey, Chetna & Rajni Khare. 2018. “Impact of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment On Employee Loyalty”. International Journal of Social Science & Interdisciplinary Research, Vol.1, No.8.

Purbowari, Nia, Istiqomah, dan Burhanudin. 2020. “Analisis Kualitas Kepemimpinan, Motivasi, Dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Surakarta”. Edunomika, Vol. 04, No. 01.

Raisal, Ismail, Nishad Nawaz, Kunjithapatham Appasamy & Vijayakumar Gajenderan. 2021. “Effect of Work Motivation on Employee Job Satisfaction in the Context of Public Sector Organization”. Journal of Hunan University (Natural Sciences), Vol.48, No.11.

Robbins, Stephen. P. 2019. Prinsip-Prinsip Perilaku Organisasi. Jakarta: PT. Indeks Gramedia.

Royantie RIR., R. Chandy dan Sumarti, Tati. 2021. “Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Kompetensi terhadap Motivasi Kerja Pegawai serta Dampaknya Pada Kinerja pada Bagian Tata Usaha di Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai Citarum Provinsi Jawa Barat”. Jurnal Indonesia Membangun, Vol. 20, No. 1.

Saifillah, M. Shoffa. 2017. “Building Employee Satisfaction: Work Motivation Analysis and Work Commitment”. Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies, Vol. 2, No. 8.

Saleem, Rizwan, Azeem Mahmood & Asif Mahmood. 2020. “Effect of Work Motivation on Job Satisfaction in Mobile Telecommunication Service Organizations of Pakistan”. International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 5, No. 11.

Siddiqi, Tahmeem dan Sadia Tangem. 2018. “Impact of Work Environment, Compensation And Motivation on The Performance of Employees In The Insurance Companies of Bangladesh”. South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, Vol.15, No. 5.

Simatupang, Rian Nugraha dan Rukmini. 2021. “Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Loyalitas Pegawai di KPU Provinsi Sumatera Utara”. All Fields of Science J-LAS, Vol.1, No.4.

Siswatiningsih, Ida, Kusdi Raharjo dan Arik Prasetya. 2018. “Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Transaksional terhadap Budaya Organisasi, Motivasi Kerja, Komitmen Oganisasional dan Kinerja Karyawan”. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, Vol.5, No.2.

Soale, Buah dan Akudugu, Alhassan Mbawin. 2021. “Employees’ Attitude and Their Performance: A Study of Senior Staff of University of Cape Coast”. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), Vol. 9, No. 4.

Sohail, Amir, Robina Safdar, Salma Saleem, Samara Ansar & M. Azeem. 2019. “Effect of Work Motivation and Organizational Commitment on Job Satisfaction: (A Case of Education Industry in Pakistan)”. Global Journal of Management and Business Research: A Administration and Management, Vol.14, No.6.

Subekti, Lianda. 2016. “Proses Peningkatan Keterlibatan Karyawan melalui Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Motivasi Kerja (Studi Kualitatif terhadap Tenaga Perawat Unit Rawat Inap Anak di Balai Klinik Ibu dan Anak RKZ Malang)”. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, Vol.3, No.2.

Sudarso, Aden Prawiro, Muhamad Abid, dan Indra Januar Rukmana. 2020. “Pengaruh Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Unggul Abadi Di Jakarta”. Jurnal Ekonomi Efektif, Vol. 3, No.1.

Sumiati, Mia dan Niken Purbasari. 2019. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kemampuan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan”. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, Vol. 21, No. 1.

Suong, Huynh Thi Thu. 2020. “The Impacts of Transformational Leadership on Motivation of Employees: The Case of Employees at Vietnamese Small and Medium Enterprises”. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, Vol.17, No. 4.

Suryani, Ratna dan Rahman, Rudi Pratomo. 2020. “Pengaruh Motivasi, Kompensasi, Serta Beban Kerja terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan Pada PT. Cosmoproft Indokarya Banjarnegara”. Jurnal Medikonis STIE Tamansiswa Banjarnegara, Vol.20.

Sutanto, Panca Heri dan Ariyanto, Eny. 2018. “Pengaruh Disiplin Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT Fluid Indonesia”. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, Vol. 14, No. 1.

Swadarma, I Putu Satya dan Netra, I Gusti Salit Ketut. 2020. “Kompensasi, Motivasi Kerja, Dan Lingkungan Kerja Berpengaruh Terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan Pada Rame Café Jimbaran Seafood”. E-Jurnal Manajemen, Vol. 9, No. 5.

Thang, Dinh Van dan Nghi, Nguyen Quoc. 2022. “The effect of work motivation on employee performance: the case at OTUKSA Japan company”. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, Vol. 13, No. 01.

Turkyilmaz & Akman. 2018. “Empirical Study of Public Sector Employee Loyalty and Satisfaction”. Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol.111, No.5.

Uka, Ana dan Prendi, Ardita. 2021. “Motivation As An Indicator of Performance and Productivity From The Perspective of Employees”, Management & Marketing. Challenges for the Knowledge Society, Vol. 16, No. 3.

Usmiar dan Utomo, Rian. 2020. “Pengaruh Motivasi dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Balai Monitor Spektrum Frekuensi Radio Kelas II Padang”. Menara Ekonomi, Vol. VI, No. 1.

Utami, Vivilia Aninditya Vrisna Willy Rizky dan Dwiatmadja, Christantius. 2020. “Pengaruh Pengembangan Karir, Motivasi Kerja dan Pemberian Kompensasi terhadap Loyalitas Kerja Karyawan”. International Journal of Social Science and Business, Vol. 4, No. 2.

Varma, Aparna J, Kotresh Patil & Ravishankar S Ulle. 2018. “An Empirical Study on Job Satisfaction and Employee Loyalty: A Study At Unilog Content Solutions Pvt Ltd, Mysuru”. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), Vol. 5, No.8.

Wen, Geradus. 2022. “Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional dan Transaksional terhadap Motivasi Kerja dan Prestasi Kerja Pejabat Struktural Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Mappi”. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Humaniora dan Politik, Vol.2, No.1.

Widyasari, Made. 2013. “Hubungan Sikap Karyawan dengan Motivasi Kerja dan Prestasi Kerja”. Jurnal Manajemen, Strategi Bisnis, dan Kewirausahaan, Vol. 7, No. 1.

Winarto. 2020. “Analisis Motivasi Kerja terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan”. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Methonomix, Vol. 3, No. 2.

Wiryang, Archie Surya, Rosalina Koleangan dan Imelda W.J Ogi. 2019. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. PLN (Persero) Area Manado”. Jurnal EMBA, Vol.7, No.1.

Witari, B. dan Heryenzus. 2020. “Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Motivasi terhadap Loyalitas Karyawan di KTM Resort”. Jurnal Ilmiah Core IT, Vol.8, No.1.

Wulandari, P. Ayu Asri dan Bagia, I W. 2020. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja pada Pegawai Puskesmas”. Prospek: Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis, Vol.2, No.2.

Xiao, Han, Yan Zhang, Desheng Kong, Shiyue Li dan Ningxi Yang. 2020. “The Effects of Social Support on Sleep Quality of Medical Staff Treating Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) in January and February 2020 in China”. Medical Science Monitor Journal, e-ISSN 1643-3750.

Yamane, Taro. 2019. Teknik Pengambilan Sampel. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo. Persada.

Yenni, M.AP. 2019. “Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai”. Jurnal Menata, Vol.2, No.2.